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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Stereotactic Adoptive Transfer of Cytotoxic Immune Cells in Murine Models of Orthotopic Human Glioblastoma Multiforme Xenografts

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Concepts in glioma immunotherapy.

Michael Platten^1,2,3, Lukas Bunse⁴, Wolfgang Wick^5,6,7

¹DKTK Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. m.platten@dkfz.de.

Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII

|July 28, 2016

Summary

Immunotherapy for brain tumors, particularly gliomas, is advancing with new strategies targeting relevant antigens and integrating with standard treatments. These neuro-oncology specific approaches aim to overcome challenges in targeting the central nervous system for effective antitumor immunity.

Keywords:

CIMT 2015 Checkpoint inhibition EGFRvIII Glioblastoma IDH1 Vaccine

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Stereotactic Adoptive Transfer of Cytotoxic Immune Cells in Murine Models of Orthotopic Human Glioblastoma Multiforme Xenografts

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Area of Science:

Neuro-oncology
Immunotherapy
Brain Tumor Research

Background:

Decades of neuro-oncology immunotherapy research hindered by antigen definition and central nervous system (CNS) targeting challenges.
Recent successes in clinical immuno-oncology with checkpoint inhibitors and vaccines inspire novel brain tumor immunotherapy concepts.
High unmet medical need exists for brain tumors, especially gliomas, due to lack of approved targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review novel neuro-oncology-specific immunotherapy concepts for brain tumors, particularly gliomas.
To highlight advancements moving from early phase clinical trials to phase three.
To discuss strategies addressing the historical dogma of CNS immune privilege.

Main Methods:

Review of current immunotherapy concepts and strategies in neuro-oncology.
Analysis of approaches for epitope discovery, selection, and trial design.
Integration of immunotherapies with standard radiochemotherapy for enhanced efficacy.

Main Results:

Development of individualized immunotherapy approaches for gliomas.
Evidence refuting the CNS immune-privileged status, demonstrating potential for potent antitumor immunity.
Strategies to improve immunotherapy success by rational antigen targeting and combination therapy.

Conclusions:

Neuro-oncology immunotherapy is evolving with promising new strategies for brain tumors.
Rational antigen targeting and combination with standard care are key to enhancing antitumor immunity.
Further research into epitope discovery and optimized trial design is crucial for clinical success.