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Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography
Published on: January 27, 2023
Integrated Evaluation of Neonatal Hemodynamics, Part 2: Systematic Bedside Assessment
Yasser N Elsayed1, Debbie Fraser
1University of Manitoba, Faculty of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E0L8 Canada.
Abstract:
Intact hemodynamics results when there is adequate oxygen uptake by the respiratory system, normal cardiac output, sufficient oxygen-carrying capacity of blood, and intact autoregulatory mechanisms to maintain enough oxygenation for normal end-organ function. The current routine monitoring of cardiovascular dynamics in sick preterm and term infants has been based on incomplete evaluation and relies on nonspecific and sometimes misleading clinical markers such as blood pressure. A thorough understanding of perinatal and neonatal cardiovascular, respiratory, oxygen, and other specific end-organ physiology is also mandatory for proper targeted interpretation.
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