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Ecosystem services in risk assessment and management.

Wayne R Munns1, Veronique Poulsen2, William R Gala3

  • 1US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island.

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Summary

Integrating ecosystem services (ES) into environmental decision-making offers significant benefits. This approach enhances environmental protection, clarifies policy advantages, and improves risk assessment and management strategies.

Keywords:
Decision makingEcosystem servicesHuman health and well-beingRisk assessmentRisk management

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Risk Assessment
  • Environmental Policy

Background:

  • The ecosystem services (ES) concept is valuable for environmental decision-making but lacks widespread adoption by agencies.
  • Current environmental policies and risk assessments often do not fully integrate the benefits derived from ecosystems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the opportunities and implications of incorporating ES into environmental risk assessments and management.
  • To provide a technical basis and rationale for using ES in environmental decision-making.
  • To offer recommendations for advancing the use of ES in environmental protection.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing knowledge on ecosystem services.
  • Analysis of case studies from the United States and European Union regarding ES integration.
  • Development of assertions supported by technical rationale and practical examples.

Main Results:

  • Inclusion of ES in risk assessments leads to more comprehensive environmental protection.
  • ES helps articulate the benefits of environmental decisions, policies, and actions.
  • ES integration improves environmental quality standards, human health and ecological risk assessment, and policy coherence.

Conclusions:

  • The integration of ecosystem services into risk assessment and management offers substantial improvements for environmental protection.
  • Further research is needed to address challenges and enhance the value of the ES concept for environmental decision-making.
  • Adoption of ES principles can lead to more holistic and effective environmental governance.