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Interoperability to Improve Science-Based Decision Making: Adapting a Risk Analysis Framework to Improve
John M Johnston1, Edward Perkins2, Pierre D Glynn3
1US EPA Office Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Athens, GA 30605, USA.
Electronics
|May 6, 2026
Summary
Advancing human and ecological risk assessment requires integrating diverse data and systems thinking to overcome scientific and technological challenges. This approach enhances defensible decision-making for environmental and health protection.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Toxicology
- Risk Assessment
- Informatics
Background:
- Human and ecological health protection faces increasing challenges from diverse stressors.
- Sustainability of social, economic, and environmental systems can be improved with robust risk assessment.
- Interoperability in data and modeling is crucial for advancing toxicology and exposure science.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a vision for human and ecological risk assessment using integrated data and modeling.
- To focus on science-based decision-making where scientific evidence is the primary driver.
- To examine barriers to systems thinking and propose recommendations for its application.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of current challenges in risk assessment.
- Analysis of case studies demonstrating informatics needs for 21st-century decision-making.
- Identification of barriers and recommendations for implementing a systems approach.
Main Results:
- Identified scientific, technological, and cultural challenges to data interoperability and interdisciplinary integration.
- Highlighted the need for "genome to globe" data integration and reuse of modeling approaches.
- Examined barriers to systems thinking and proposed actionable recommendations for progress.
Conclusions:
- A systems approach is essential for informed, science-based decision-making in risk assessment.
- Overcoming interoperability challenges is key to leveraging "21st-century science" for health and environmental protection.
- Implementing systems thinking requires addressing identified barriers and adopting strategic recommendations.
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