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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Communications
    • Image Sensor Technology

    Background:

    • Camera-based visible light communication (VLC) systems leverage rolling shutter effects for increased data rates.
    • Existing VLC systems typically rely on centrally positioned, stable LED light sources.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the performance of camera-based VLC with light sources located in different image frame regions.
    • To develop and demonstrate a method for tracking a moving light source in VLC systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized the rolling shutter effect of complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors.
    • Proposed and implemented a region-grow algorithm for dynamic light source tracking.
    • Evaluated system performance across various light source positions and movement scenarios.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a net data rate exceeding 5 kbit/s using a single phosphor-based white-light LED.
    • Demonstrated a data rate efficiency of 4.502 pixels per bit.
    • Successfully tracked light sources in different parts of the image frame.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed region-grow algorithm effectively tracks light sources in camera-based VLC systems, enabling robust performance.
    • Moving light sources do not significantly impede data rates, expanding VLC application possibilities.
    • This research advances VLC technology for higher data transmission rates and greater flexibility.