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Monocytes/Macrophages Stimulate Hairy-Cell Proliferation.

S D Griffiths1, J C Cawley1

  • 1a University Department of Haematology, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, England, UK.

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|July 29, 2016
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Summary

Monocytes stimulate hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) cell proliferation, independent of growth factors. This monocyte-dependent proliferation, crucial in vivo, is inhibited by alpha interferon.

Keywords:
HC proliferationhairy-cell (HC) leukaemiamonocytesα-IFN

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) is a rare B-cell malignancy.
  • The role of microenvironmental factors in HCL pathogenesis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the factors driving hairy cell (HC) proliferation in HCL.
  • To explore the potential role of monocytes/macrophages in HC growth.

Main Methods:

  • Double staining immunofluorescence using Ki-67 and surface/cytoplasmic antigens.
  • Co-culture experiments with autologous and allogeneic monocytes/macrophages.
  • Assessment of proliferation in response to supernatants and TNF-α.
  • Evaluation of alpha interferon (α-IFN) effects.

Main Results:

  • Spontaneous HC proliferation observed in one patient, dependent on autologous monocytes.
  • Allogeneic monocytes/macrophages stimulated HC proliferation in 75% of tested HCL cases.
  • Proliferation required monocyte viability and cell contact, and was inhibited by α-IFN.
  • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and culture supernatants did not induce proliferation.

Conclusions:

  • Monocytes/macrophages play a significant role in driving HC proliferation in HCL.
  • Cell contact and monocyte viability are essential for this interaction.
  • These findings suggest in vivo pathophysiological relevance, particularly in the bone marrow microenvironment.
  • Alpha interferon (α-IFN) demonstrates inhibitory potential.