Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Optogenetic Activation of Afferent Pathways in Brain Slices and Modulation of Responses by Volatile Anesthetics
08:16

Optogenetic Activation of Afferent Pathways in Brain Slices and Modulation of Responses by Volatile Anesthetics

Published on: July 23, 2020

2.7K

[FAST TRACK CONCEPT IN MODERN NEUROANESTHESIOLOGY]

A S Kulikov, A Yu Lubnin

    Anesteziologiia I Reanimatologiia
    |July 30, 2016
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Adaptable Angled Stereotactic Approach for Versatile Neuroscience Techniques06:21

    Adaptable Angled Stereotactic Approach for Versatile Neuroscience Techniques

    Published on: May 7, 2020

    5.8K
    Rat Model of Blood-brain Barrier Disruption to Allow Targeted Neurovascular Therapeutics08:43

    Rat Model of Blood-brain Barrier Disruption to Allow Targeted Neurovascular Therapeutics

    Published on: November 30, 2012

    20.8K

    Related Concept Videos

    General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

    General Anesthesia: Overview

    Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
    General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
    935
    Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

    Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

    Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
    1.8K
    Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

    Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

    The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
    There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
    2.2K
    Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

    Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

    Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
    2.4K
    Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

    Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

    Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
    870
    Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

    Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

    Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
    One of the advantages of...
    1.8K