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Increasing ambient temperature reduces emotional well-being.

Clemens Noelke1, Mark McGovern2, Daniel J Corsi3

  • 1Institute for Child, Youth and Family Policy, The Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA.

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Higher temperatures negatively impact emotional well-being, reducing positive emotions and increasing negative ones. This study reveals significant effects across the U.S. population, with limited evidence of climate adaptation.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Ambient temperature is a significant environmental factor influencing human behavior and health.
  • Understanding the relationship between temperature and emotional well-being is crucial for public health initiatives.
  • The diverse climate zones within the U.S. provide a unique setting to study adaptation to heat.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of ambient temperature on the emotional well-being of adults in the United States.
  • To determine if adaptation to different climates mitigates the negative effects of heat on well-being.
  • To identify demographic variations in temperature-related well-being effects.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of survey data from 1.9 million U.S. adults (2008-2013).
  • Estimation of temperature's effect on well-being using day-to-day temperature variations.
  • Comparison of heat impacts across regions with varying climate characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Temperatures above 70°F (21°C) significantly decrease positive emotions and increase negative emotions and fatigue.
  • The detrimental effects of heat on well-being are more pronounced in less educated and older populations.
  • No consistent evidence suggests that adaptation to milder or hotter climates alters the impact of heat on emotional well-being.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated ambient temperatures adversely affect emotional well-being across the U.S. population.
  • Adaptation to different climates does not appear to significantly reduce the negative impact of heat on well-being.
  • Public health strategies should consider the widespread negative effects of rising temperatures on emotional health, particularly for vulnerable groups.