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Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Published on: March 19, 2017
Cesium-containing triple cation perovskite solar cells: improved stability, reproducibility and high efficiency
Michael Saliba1, Taisuke Matsui2, Ji-Youn Seo3
1Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces , Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Lausanne CH-1015 , Switzerland . Email: michael.saliba@epfl.ch; Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials , Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Sion CH-1951 , Switzerland.
Abstract:
Today's best perovskite solar cells use a mixture of formamidinium and methylammonium as the monovalent cations. With the addition of inorganic cesium, the resulting triple cation perovskite compositions are thermally more stable, contain less phase impurities and are less sensitive to processing conditions. This enables more reproducible device performances to reach a stabilized power output of 21.1% and ∼18% after 250 hours under operational conditions. These properties are key for the industrialization of perovskite photovoltaics.
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