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Pulse rhythm01:30

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Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
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Apical-Radial (A-R) Pulse Assessment
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Emergency department attendance patterns during Ramadan.

Taimur Butt1, Hameed Ullah Khan, Israr Ahmed

  • 1Dr. Taimur Butt, Chairman, Department of Emergency Medicine,, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia, T: +966-11-4647272, tbutt@kfshrc.edu.sa, ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4949-2344.

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Summary

During Ramadan, emergency department (ED) visits in Saudi Arabia shift to nighttime hours. Hospitals should adjust staffing to manage this nocturnal patient surge during the fasting month.

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Public Health
  • Islamic Studies

Background:

  • Emergency department (ED) patient attendance is unpredictable, impacting resource allocation.
  • Predicting ED use during Ramadan, a month of fasting for Muslims, could optimize resource management.
  • No prior studies have analyzed ED attendance patterns during Ramadan in the Middle East.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if tertiary care ED attendance patterns differ during Ramadan compared to other periods.
  • To analyze patient volume, acuity, demographics, and admission rates during Ramadan.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of data from a hospital integrated clinical information system.
  • Study conducted at a tertiary care institution in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
  • Data from all ED visits during the Islamic years 1431-1434 (December 2009 - October 2013) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • A total of 226,075 ED patients were analyzed over 4 years.
  • During Ramadan, 60% of patients presented during the night shift (vs. 57.14% during the day shift, P < .0001).
  • No statistically significant differences were observed in admission rates (7%), triage acuity, or patient volume compared to non-Ramadan months.

Conclusions:

  • Emergency department attendance patterns shift towards nighttime during Ramadan in Saudi Arabia.
  • Healthcare facilities in Muslim-majority regions should allocate resources to accommodate the nocturnal ED patient surge during Ramadan.
  • Results may not be generalizable to non-Muslim populations or healthcare settings outside of Saudi Arabia.