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Hollow Microneedle-based Sensor for Multiplexed Transdermal Electrochemical Sensing

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Nanocomposite Hydrogel-Based Optical Fiber Probe for Continuous Glucose Sensing.

Israr Ahmed¹, Said El Turk¹, Amal Al Ghaferi¹

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering Khalifa University Abu Dhabi 127788 United Arab Emirates.

|April 11, 2025

Summary

New optical fiber sensors offer a fast and affordable solution for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in diabetes management. These sensors utilize a novel hydrogel and gold nanoparticles for precise, real-time blood glucose level tracking.

Keywords:

glucose sensing hydrogels nanocomposite optical fiber

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Materials Science
Analytical Chemistry

Background:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a significant global health challenge, driving the need for accessible and accurate continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) technologies.
Current CGM methods face limitations in cost, speed, and reliability, hindering widespread adoption and effective diabetes management.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel optical fiber (OF) sensor for precise and rapid continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).
To functionalize OF sensors with phenylboronic acid (PBA) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for enhanced glucose detection capabilities.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of OF sensors via one-step polymerization of PBA-based hydrogel onto a fiber tip, followed by AuNP integration.
Characterization of sensor performance using a green laser, measuring transmission and reflection intensity changes, and surface plasmon resonance shifts across physiological glucose ranges (0-20 mM).
Evaluation of sensor response time and saturation period, alongside demonstration of smartphone-based readout for practical application.

Main Results:

The developed OF sensors demonstrated a significant 25% increase in transmission intensity and a 4 nm blue shift in surface plasmon resonance with increasing glucose concentrations.
Elevated reflection intensity confirmed the sensors' suitability for remote sensing applications.
Sensors exhibited a rapid 30-second response time and a 5-minute saturation period, with reliable smartphone-based glucose concentration readings.

Conclusions:

The novel OF sensors based on PBA-functionalized nanocomposite photonic hydrogel offer a promising, affordable, and rapid solution for CGM.
The demonstrated performance and smartphone integration highlight the potential of these sensors to significantly improve diabetes management and patient outcomes.