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Published on: September 15, 2023
Cerium oxide nanoparticles inhibit the migration and proliferation of gastric cancer by increasing DHX15 expression
Yu-Feng Xiao1, Jian-Mei Li2, Su-Min Wang1
1Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of tumor-related deaths in the world. Current treatment options do not satisfy doctors and patients, and new therapies are therefore needed. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) have been studied as a potential therapeutic approach for treating many diseases. However, their effects on human gastric cancer are currently unknown. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to characterize the effects of CNPs on human gastric cancer cell lines (MKN28 and BGC823). Gastric cancer cells were cocultured with different concentrations of CNPs, and proliferation and migration were measured both in vitro and in vivo. We found that CNPs inhibited the migration of gastric cancer cells when applied at different concentrations, but only a relatively high concentration (10 µg/mL) of CNPs suppressed proliferation. Furthermore, we found that CNPs increased the expression of DHX15 and its downstream signaling pathways. We therefore provide evidence showing that CNPs may be a promising approach to suppress malignant activity of gastric cancer by increasing the expression of DHX15.
Insights
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) show promise in combating gastric cancer. This study found CNPs inhibit cancer cell migration and proliferation, potentially by increasing DHX15 expression, offering a new therapeutic avenue.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Nanotechnology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Gastric cancer is a major global health concern with limited treatment options.
- Novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to improve patient outcomes.
- Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) have demonstrated therapeutic potential in various diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of CNPs on human gastric cancer cell lines (MKN28 and BGC823).
- To evaluate the impact of CNPs on gastric cancer cell proliferation and migration.
- To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, including DHX15 expression.
Main Methods:
- Gastric cancer cell lines (MKN28, BGC823) were co-cultured with varying concentrations of CNPs.
- In vitro and in vivo assays were employed to measure cell proliferation and migration.
- Expression levels of DHX15 and associated signaling pathways were analyzed.
Main Results:
- CNPs significantly inhibited the migration of gastric cancer cells across different concentrations.
- A high concentration of CNPs (10 µg/mL) was required to suppress cell proliferation.
- CNPs treatment led to increased expression of DHX15 and its downstream signaling pathways.
Conclusions:
- CNPs demonstrate potential as a therapeutic agent against gastric cancer.
- The anti-cancer effects of CNPs appear to be mediated, in part, by the upregulation of DHX15.
- Further research into CNPs could lead to novel treatments for suppressing gastric cancer malignancy.