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[Cardiovascular safety of antidiabetics]

Pressl-Wenger Aline Roth, François R Jornayvaz

    Revue Medicale Suisse
    |August 5, 2016
    PubMed

    Insights

    Type 2 diabetes patients face high risks of cardiovascular complications. Empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, is the first drug shown to reduce cardiovascular mortality in these patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology and Metabolism
    • Cardiology
    • Pharmacology

    Context:

    • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) significantly increases the risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications.
    • Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent the primary cause of mortality among individuals with T2DM.
    • Identifying therapeutic agents that mitigate CVD risk in T2DM is a critical clinical need.

    Purpose:

    • To comprehensively review existing antidiabetic medications.
    • To evaluate the impact of these agents on cardiovascular mortality in T2DM patients.
    • To highlight the significance of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial findings.

    Summary:

    • The EMPA-REG OUTCOME study demonstrated that empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, significantly reduced cardiovascular mortality in T2DM patients.
    • Prior to this study, no antidiabetic drug had proven efficacy in decreasing cardiovascular mortality.
    • This review examines various antidiabetic drug classes and their associated effects on cardiovascular outcomes.

    Impact:

    • Empagliflozin, as an SGLT2 inhibitor, has established a new therapeutic paradigm for managing cardiovascular risk in T2DM.
    • The findings necessitate a re-evaluation of treatment strategies for T2DM, prioritizing agents with proven cardiovascular benefits.
    • This review provides valuable insights for clinicians and researchers regarding the cardiovascular implications of antidiabetic therapies.

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