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Related Experiment Videos

Prolactin and sodium lactate-induced panic.

E Hollander1, M R Liebowitz, B Cohen

  • 1N.Y.S. Psychiatric Institute, NY 10032.

Psychiatry Research
|May 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Sodium lactate infusions trigger panic attacks in susceptible individuals. Elevated baseline prolactin in male panic disorder patients suggests a link to anticipatory anxiety, while a blunted response in some indicates diminished prolactin sensitivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Psychiatry
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Sodium lactate infusions are known to reliably induce panic attacks in patients with panic disorder.
  • The precise neurobiological mechanisms underlying the lactate-induced panic response remain largely unknown.
  • Prolactin, a pituitary hormone, has been implicated in stress and anxiety responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the plasma prolactin response during sodium lactate infusion in patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia with panic attacks.
  • To compare prolactin levels between individuals experiencing lactate-induced panic attacks and healthy controls.
  • To explore the relationship between baseline prolactin levels, panic symptoms, and anticipatory anxiety.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma prolactin levels were measured in 38 patients diagnosed with panic disorder or agoraphobia with panic attacks and 16 healthy controls.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Subjects received an infusion of 0.5 molar sodium lactate.
  • Prolactin levels were assessed at baseline and during the lactate infusion.

    • Main Results:

    • Baseline prolactin levels were significantly higher in male patients who experienced lactate-induced panic compared to male non-panickers and controls.
    • Prolactin levels increased in all groups during lactate infusion, potentially due to osmotic effects.
    • A blunted prolactin response was observed in patients experiencing panic later during the infusion compared to non-panickers and controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Elevated baseline prolactin in male panickers supports a connection between prolactin and anticipatory anxiety in panic disorder.
    • The blunted prolactin response in late panickers suggests a diminished, rather than sensitized, prolactin system in panic anxiety.
    • These findings highlight the complex role of prolactin in the pathophysiology of panic disorder.