Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

2.6K
Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
2.6K
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

9.4K
Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
9.4K
Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

4.7K
As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary...
4.7K
Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

4.6K
Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
4.6K
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

11.2K
Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
11.2K
Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

8.8K
Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
8.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Outpatient revision shoulder arthroplasty can Be safe and effective: a matched analysis.

Journal of shoulder and elbow arthroplasty·2026
Same author

Propensity Matched Professional Baseball Pitchers With Early Trunk Rotation Demonstrate Increased Shoulder and Elbow Distractive Forces with Equivalent Ball Velocity.

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery·2026
Same author

Reply to: Letter to the Editor Concerning "Financial Toxicity Among Survivors of Extremity and Pelvic Sarcoma: A Retrospective Study".

Annals of surgical oncology·2026
Same author

Cryoablation versus Radiofrequency Ablation for the Treatment of Osteoid Osteoma.

Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR·2026
Same author

Exploring Best Practices for Screening for Financial Toxicity in Patients With Sarcoma: A Single-Institution Study.

JCO oncology practice·2026
Same author

Minimum 5-year outcomes of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty with the Arthrosurface aspherical humerus and inlay glenoid.

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

A 3D System for Culturing Human Articular Chondrocytes in Synovial Fluid
09:58

A 3D System for Culturing Human Articular Chondrocytes in Synovial Fluid

Published on: January 31, 2012

21.4K

Synovial Chondromatosis.

Julie A Neumann1, Grant E Garrigues, Brian E Brigman

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.

JBJS Reviews
|August 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Synovial chondromatosis is a rare joint condition where cartilage forms in the synovium, often affecting the knee. Treatment involves removing these cartilaginous nodules to alleviate pain and prevent joint damage.

More Related Videos

Standardized Histomorphometric Evaluation of Osteoarthritis in a Surgical Mouse Model
07:32

Standardized Histomorphometric Evaluation of Osteoarthritis in a Surgical Mouse Model

Published on: May 6, 2020

13.4K
Creation of a Knee Joint-on-a-Chip for Modeling Joint Diseases and Testing Drugs
12:44

Creation of a Knee Joint-on-a-Chip for Modeling Joint Diseases and Testing Drugs

Published on: January 27, 2023

4.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 16, 2026

A 3D System for Culturing Human Articular Chondrocytes in Synovial Fluid
09:58

A 3D System for Culturing Human Articular Chondrocytes in Synovial Fluid

Published on: January 31, 2012

21.4K
Standardized Histomorphometric Evaluation of Osteoarthritis in a Surgical Mouse Model
07:32

Standardized Histomorphometric Evaluation of Osteoarthritis in a Surgical Mouse Model

Published on: May 6, 2020

13.4K
Creation of a Knee Joint-on-a-Chip for Modeling Joint Diseases and Testing Drugs
12:44

Creation of a Knee Joint-on-a-Chip for Modeling Joint Diseases and Testing Drugs

Published on: January 27, 2023

4.6K

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Rheumatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Synovial chondromatosis is a benign condition characterized by metaplasia of the synovium.
  • It leads to the formation of cartilaginous nodules within the joint, which can mineralize or ossify.
  • The knee is the most commonly affected joint.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of synovial chondromatosis.
  • To highlight the importance of early diagnosis and intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on synovial chondromatosis.
  • Analysis of diagnostic methods, including plain radiography.
  • Discussion of treatment modalities such as arthroscopic or open surgical removal.

Main Results:

  • Plain radiographs are diagnostic, with mineralized nodules being pathognomonic.
  • Patients may present with asymptomatic findings or symptoms like pain, swelling, and limited range of motion.
  • Surgical removal of loose bodies and synovectomy are recommended treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Synovial chondromatosis requires prompt management to prevent further joint destruction.
  • Arthroscopic or open removal of nodules and synovectomy can relieve symptoms and preserve joint function.