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Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Intense Pulsed Light for the Treatment of Dry Eye Owing to Meibomian Gland Dysfunction
Published on: April 1, 2019
Hormone replacement therapy benefits meibomian gland dysfunction in perimenopausal women
Xiuming Jin1, Zhenyun Lin, Yufang Liu
1Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou Maternity Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
Abstract:
Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is believed to be the leading cause of dry eye (DE) disease worldwide. The connection between aging and MGD has long been recognized. However, few studies have addressed the relationship between MGD and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in perimenopausal women, and not have examined the prevalence of MGD in perimenopausal women. The purpose of this study was to address and evaluate the possible relationship between MGD and HRT in perimenopausal women.The results suggest that perimenopausal women have a high prevalence of DE related to perimenopausal symptoms. The study also shows that perimenopausal women who use HRT can gain benefits for DE as well as for perimenopausal symptoms. Physicians caring for women who are experiencing DE related to perimenopausal symptoms should consider HRT.
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