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Effect of Using 2mm Voxels on Observer Performance for PET Lesion Detection.

A Michael Morey1, Frédéric Noo2, Dan J Kadrmas3

  • 1Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA.

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
|August 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Smaller pixels in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging significantly improve cancer lesion detection compared to standard sizes. This enhancement in oncologic imaging offers better tumor localization and detection performance.

Keywords:
PET/CTPET/CT reconstructionimage quality assessmentimage reconstruction

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Positron emission tomography (PET) images are commonly reconstructed with in-plane pixel sizes of approximately 4mm for cancer imaging.
  • Optimizing image reconstruction parameters is crucial for enhancing diagnostic accuracy in oncologic imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of using smaller pixel sizes on the detection of oncologic lesions in PET imaging.
  • To compare the lesion detection performance between PET images reconstructed with ~2mm and ~4mm pixels.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized experimental phantom data from the Utah PET Lesion Detection Database, simulating whole-body FDG PET cancer imaging.
  • Reconstructed PET images with 2.036mm and 4.073mm pixels using ordered-subsets expectation-maximization (OSEM) with and without point spread function (PSF) modeling and time-of-flight (TOF).
  • Assessed detection performance using a channelized non-prewhitened numerical observer and localization receiver operating characteristic (LROC) analysis.

Main Results:

  • Images reconstructed with ~2mm pixels demonstrated higher detection performance than those with ~4mm pixels across all evaluated conditions.
  • The improvement in detection from smaller pixels exceeded that of PSF modeling and was approximately half the benefit of TOF.
  • Human observer studies confirmed the superior detection performance with smaller pixel sizes.

Conclusions:

  • Using smaller voxel sizes in PET reconstruction significantly improves tumor detection performance compared to standard sizes.
  • The primary trade-offs for improved detection include a four-fold increase in reconstruction time and data storage requirements.
  • This study suggests a potential for enhanced oncologic imaging by adopting smaller pixel sizes in PET reconstruction.