Parkinson Disease and Dementia
Sara Garcia-Ptacek1, Milica G Kramberger2
1Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Geriatric Medicine, Memory Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden sara.garcia-ptacek@ki.se.
Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology
|August 10, 2016
Summary
Parkinson disease dementia (PDD) affects about 10% of Parkinson's patients annually. Lewy body pathology, potentially enhanced by beta-amyloid, drives PDD, causing cognitive and non-cognitive symptoms.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neuroscience
- Geriatrics
Background:
- Dementia is a common complication in Parkinson disease (PD).
- Parkinson disease dementia (PDD) is primarily linked to Lewy body pathology, with potential synergistic effects from beta-amyloid.
- The clinical presentation of PDD is complex, involving cognitive deficits and non-cognitive symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated review of Parkinson disease dementia (PDD).
- To cover key aspects including epidemiology, pathology, clinical features, management, and prognosis.
Main Methods:
- This is a review article.
- It synthesizes current knowledge on PDD from existing literature.
Main Results:
- Parkinson disease dementia (PDD) has a yearly incidence of approximately 10% in PD patients.
- Key pathological factors include Lewy body pathology and beta-amyloid.
- Clinical manifestations extend beyond executive dysfunction to include memory, attention, visual perception, sleep issues, hallucinations, and fluctuations.
Conclusions:
- Parkinson disease dementia (PDD) is a significant complication of Parkinson disease.
- Understanding its multifaceted nature is crucial for effective management and prognosis.
- Further research into the interplay of pathologies and clinical presentation is warranted.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Parkinson's Disease: Overview
2.3K
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
2.3K
01:24Parkinson's Disease: Treatment
1.3K
Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
1.3K
01:30Dementia
660
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
660
01:37Neural Regulation
44.0K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
44.0K
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
1.9K
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
1.9K
01:22Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment
1.1K
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
1.1K