Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform
10:49

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform

Published on: October 17, 2019

11.8K

What do I need to know about aminoglycoside antibiotics?

Eva Germovsek1, Charlotte I Barker1,2, Mike Sharland2

  • 1Inflammation, Infection and Rheumatology Section, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK.

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Education and Practice Edition
|August 11, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Aminoglycoside antibiotics, like gentamicin, are crucial for treating Gram-negative infections in children. Careful monitoring of renal function and drug levels is essential due to their narrow therapeutic index.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Pharmacy
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Aminoglycosides are broad-spectrum, bactericidal antibiotics frequently used in pediatric populations.
  • Gentamicin is a commonly prescribed aminoglycoside, particularly in UK neonatal units, for Gram-negative infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review aminoglycosides, focusing on gentamicin.
  • To discuss the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of aminoglycosides.
  • To cover practical prescribing considerations in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of aminoglycoside antibiotics.
  • Focus on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties.
  • Analysis of clinical application in pediatric settings.

Main Results:

  • Aminoglycosides exhibit concentration-dependent activity, with the peak concentration to minimum inhibitory concentration ratio being key.
  • Intravenous or intramuscular administration is necessary due to poor oral absorption.
  • Renal excretion and the need for renal function monitoring and therapeutic drug monitoring due to narrow therapeutic index.

Conclusions:

  • Aminoglycosides are effective against Gram-negative pathogens but require careful dosing and monitoring.
  • Understanding pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is vital for optimizing efficacy and minimizing toxicity in children.
  • Practical considerations are essential for safe and effective pediatric prescribing of aminoglycosides.

Keywords:
childrengentamicinneonatesprescribing

More Related Videos

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes08:58

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Published on: March 3, 2023

8.3K
Methods to Inhibit Bacterial Pyomelanin Production and Determine the Corresponding Increase in Sensitivity to Oxidative Stress11:00

Methods to Inhibit Bacterial Pyomelanin Production and Determine the Corresponding Increase in Sensitivity to Oxidative Stress

Published on: August 31, 2015

8.8K

Related Concept Videos

Estimation of k and VD of Aminoglycosides01:20

Estimation of k and VD of Aminoglycosides

Aminoglycosides are a class of antibiotics used to treat various bacterial infections. Clinicians must determine the elimination rate constant (k) and volume of distribution (VD) to optimize therapeutic efficacy and minimize toxicity. The k value represents the rate at which the drug is removed from the body, and the VD reflects the degree to which the drug distributes into body tissues. Accurately estimating these parameters allows healthcare professionals to tailor drug dosing to individual...
294
Antimicrobial Proteins01:23

Antimicrobial Proteins

Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
15.2K
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations01:15

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations

Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is commonly administered via intermittent intravenous infusion to treat severe infections. An intermittent one-hour infusion of gentamicin, administered at eight-hour intervals, allows for precise control of plasma drug concentrations, minimizing toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy. Pharmacokinetic principles govern the dynamics of plasma concentrations and can be mathematically described using specific equations.The plasma drug concentration...
308
Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions01:24

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions

Intermittent intravenous (IV) infusion is a method of drug administration where medications are delivered over short infusion periods followed by intervals of no drug delivery. This approach helps to prevent sustained high drug concentrations in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of adverse effects associated with prolonged exposure. Unlike continuous infusion, steady-state concentrations may not be achieved during a single dosing cycle but can be reached through repeated...
329
Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
7.2K
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
73.6K