Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

8.7K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
8.7K
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

6.4K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
6.4K
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

8.4K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
8.4K
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

703
Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
703
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

427
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
427
Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

880
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
880

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Thyroid hormone therapy in a population cohort over two decades indicates persistent overtreatment.

European thyroid journal·2026
Same author

Thyroid Hormone Treatment for Hypercholesterolemia in Euthyroid Patients: Results From a European Survey of Thyroid Specialists.

Clinical endocrinology·2025
Same author

Acceptance, Drivers, and Barriers to Use of mHealth Apps to Improve Quality of Life in Female Patients Affected by Hypothyroidism: Cross-Sectional Study.

JMIR formative research·2025
Same author

Improving in-hospital diabetes awareness and transition of care by a digitalized diabetes management.

Endocrine·2025
Same author

Comprehensive Assessment of Multikinase Inhibitor Therapy Outcomes in RAIR-(P)DTC and MTC at a Tertiary Referral Center.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·2025
Same author

Accuracy and Reliability of Intermittent Scanning and Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems in Diabetes Emergencies.

Journal of diabetes science and technology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

2.6K

[Subclinical hypothyroidism - laboratory finding or disease?].

Richard Voigtländer, Dagmar Führer

    Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
    |August 11, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    Subclinical hypothyroidism, indicated by elevated TSH, shows no consistent harm from mild TSH elevations (5-10 mIU/L). Treatment decisions for subclinical hypothyroidism should be individualized, especially in the elderly.

    More Related Videos

    Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
    04:14

    Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

    Published on: October 6, 2023

    1.4K
    Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
    05:41

    Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

    Published on: February 9, 2024

    1.2K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 16, 2026

    Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
    04:39

    Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

    Published on: March 17, 2023

    2.6K
    Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
    04:14

    Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

    Published on: October 6, 2023

    1.4K
    Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
    05:41

    Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

    Published on: February 9, 2024

    1.2K

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Thyroidology
    • Internal Medicine

    Background:

    • Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined by elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) with normal thyroxine levels.
    • Previous concerns linked mild TSH elevations to adverse health outcomes.
    • Recent research provides new insights into the clinical significance of subclinical hypothyroidism.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review recent findings on subclinical hypothyroidism.
    • To evaluate the association between mildly elevated TSH levels and clinical outcomes.
    • To inform diagnostic and treatment guidelines for subclinical hypothyroidism.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of recent studies on subclinical hypothyroidism.
    • Analysis of associations between TSH levels (5-10 mIU/L) and cardiovascular events, mortality, fracture risk, and cognitive function.
    • Consideration of specific patient populations, including the elderly and those with autoimmune thyroiditis.

    Main Results:

    • No consistent association found between TSH levels of 5-10 mIU/L and adverse cardiovascular events, mortality, fracture risk, or cognitive impairment.
    • TSH levels between 5-10 mIU/L may be associated with lower mortality in the elderly, suggesting a potentially protective effect.
    • These findings challenge the established upper limits for normal TSH levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Diagnosis and management of subclinical hypothyroidism require a cautious approach.
    • Individualized treatment decisions are recommended for mildly elevated TSH levels (below 8-10 mIU/L).
    • The risk of progression to overt hypothyroidism must be considered in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis or prior thyroid treatment.