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Related Concept Videos

Carbon-dioxide Fixation01:28

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Carbon dioxide fixation in prokaryotes enables the assimilation of inorganic carbon into organic molecules, supporting biosynthetic pathways, sustaining ecosystems, and contributing to the global carbon cycle. It also has industrial applications in carbon capture and bioproduct synthesis. Autotrophic organisms rely on this process to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source in diverse environments.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin cycle is the most widespread carbon fixation mechanism, primarily used by...
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A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function
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Adaptation to elevated CO2 in different biodiversity contexts.

Elizabeth J Kleynhans1, Sarah P Otto1, Peter B Reich2,3

  • 1Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2212 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4.

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Community diversity impacts species adaptation to global change. Grasses showed local adaptation to elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) only in communities mirroring their selection environment, highlighting the role of biodiversity in evolution.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Climate Change Science

Background:

  • Species persistence in changing environments relies on adaptation, but the influence of community diversity on this process is unclear.
  • Community diversity can affect adaptation by altering population size, genetic diversity, and the fitness landscape of focal species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how community species richness influences the adaptation of grasses to elevated carbon dioxide (CO2).
  • To determine if adaptation to elevated CO2 is contingent on the diversity of the biological community.

Main Methods:

  • A reciprocal transplant experiment was conducted on grasses.
  • Grasses evolved for 14 years under ambient and elevated CO2 conditions within low or high species richness communities.
  • Biomass was used as a proxy for fitness to assess adaptation.

Main Results:

  • Evidence for local adaptation to elevated CO2 was found in grasses.
  • This adaptation was observed only when plants were assayed in communities with a species richness similar to their selection environment.

Conclusions:

  • The biological community plays a crucial role in shaping the fitness landscape experienced by species.
  • Community diversity influences the nature and extent of adaptation to global change factors like elevated CO2.