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The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called...
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Pickering emulsions stabilized by charged nanoparticles.

Laure Ridel1, Marie-Alexandrine Bolzinger, Nicole Gilon-Delepine

  • 1University of Lyon, Laboratoire d'Automatique et de Génie des Procédés, University of Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5007, Villeurbanne, France. chevalier@lagep.univ-lyon1.fr.

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Stabilizing oil-in-water Pickering emulsions with silica nanoparticles is challenging due to electrostatic repulsions. Lowering pH from 9 to 3 improved emulsion stability by reducing these repulsions, enabling particle adsorption.

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Area of Science:

  • Colloid and Surface Science
  • Materials Science
  • Emulsion Technology

Background:

  • Pickering emulsions, stabilized by solid particles, typically exhibit strong particle adsorption.
  • Electrostatic repulsions between charged particles can hinder adsorption, complicating emulsion stabilization.
  • Weak adsorption regimes are crucial for understanding specific stabilization mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the stabilization of oil-in-water (o/w) Pickering emulsions with silica nanoparticles under conditions of weak particle adsorption.
  • To explore the impact of electrostatic repulsions on particle adsorption and emulsion stability.
  • To determine the optimal conditions for stabilizing o/w Pickering emulsions using charged silica nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation and stability assessment of o/w Pickering emulsions using diisopropyl adipate oil and Ludox® AS40 silica nanoparticles.
  • Measurement of droplet size and electrokinetic potential across a range of pH values.
  • Adsorption isotherm studies and cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) of adsorbed layers.
  • Investigation of emulsion formation and stability under varying pH and silica concentrations.

Main Results:

  • Weak adsorption of silica nanoparticles was achieved at high pH and low ionic strength, counteracted by electrostatic repulsions.
  • Emulsification failed and long-term stability was poor at high pH due to strong electrostatic repulsions.
  • Decreasing pH from 9 to 3 reduced electrostatic repulsions, leading to stable emulsions.
  • Stable emulsions were formed with a silica nanoparticle monolayer at 54% surface coverage at low concentrations, and multilayers at higher concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • Electrostatic repulsions significantly influence the adsorption of charged nanoparticles and the stability of Pickering emulsions.
  • Controlling pH is critical for managing electrostatic repulsions and achieving stable o/w Pickering emulsions with silica nanoparticles.
  • The study elucidates the mechanism of Pickering emulsion stabilization by silica nanoparticles, highlighting the balance between particle-oil interactions and inter-particle repulsions.