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Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria
Published on: May 8, 2013
Macrolide and lincosamide resistance in staphylococcal clinical isolates in Nablus, Palestine
Motasem Almasri1, Nael Abu Hasan1, Naela Sabbah1
1Department of Biology & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Background/Aim:
Macrolide and lincosamide antibiotics are used for the treatment of staphylococcal infections, especially for penicillin-allergic patients. In the present study, we evaluate the prevalence of resistance to macrolide and lincosamide antibiotics among staphylococci isolates.
Materials And Methods:
A total of 200 staphylococcal clinical isolates were collected from January 2012 to April 2013. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of erythromycin and clindamycin were determined by agar dilution method. An erythromycin-clindamycin induction test was performed for isolates that were only resistant to erythromycin. Representative erythromycin-resistant isolates were examined for erythromycin resistance genes using PCR.
Results:
Among staphylococci isolates, resistance frequencies of erythromycin and clindamycin were 65.5% and 20.5%, respectively. Erythromycin resistance was found to be mediated by putative efflux (50.4%) and target site modification (49.6%). Inducible target site modification resistance was detected in 19.1% of erythromycin-resistant isolates. Among the examined 36 staphylococci isolates, msr(A), erm(C), erm(A), and mef(A/E) genes were detected in 55.6%, 30.6%, 25%, and 0%, respectively.
Conclusion:
Results of the current study indicate the presence of high rates of macrolide resistance and inducible phenotypes among staphylococcal isolates. It is also essential to keep in mind variations of resistance rates among various age groups and specimen types.
Insights
High rates of macrolide resistance, including inducible phenotypes, were found in staphylococcal isolates. This highlights the need for careful antibiotic selection in treating staphylococcal infections.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Antimicrobial Resistance
Background:
- Macrolide and lincosamide antibiotics are crucial for treating staphylococcal infections, particularly in penicillin-allergic individuals.
- Evaluating resistance patterns is essential for effective treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of resistance to macrolide and lincosamide antibiotics in staphylococcal isolates.
- To investigate the mechanisms and genetic basis of erythromycin resistance.
Main Methods:
- Collected 200 staphylococcal clinical isolates.
- Determined minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for erythromycin and clindamycin using agar dilution.
- Performed erythromycin-clindamycin induction tests and PCR for resistance genes.
Main Results:
- Erythromycin resistance was 65.5% and clindamycin resistance was 20.5%.
- Resistance mechanisms included efflux (50.4%) and target site modification (49.6%).
- Inducible resistance was observed in 19.1% of erythromycin-resistant isolates, with genes like erm(C) and msr(A) frequently detected.
Conclusions:
- Staphylococcal isolates exhibit high macrolide resistance rates and a significant prevalence of inducible resistance phenotypes.
- Resistance rates may vary across different patient demographics and specimen sources, necessitating tailored treatment approaches.
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