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[Not Available].

Juan Carlos Castillo Pineda1, Anel Gómez García, Nicolás Velasco

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Hospital malnutrition is prevalent in Latin America, affecting over 36% of patients. Screening with the Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS) tool and serum albumin levels effectively identifies malnutrition and predicts patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hospital malnutrition (HM) prevalence varies significantly due to patient factors and assessment methods.
  • High rates of malnutrition impact patient outcomes, including mortality and hospital stay duration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of hospital malnutrition in Latin America.
  • To assess the association between malnutrition and mortality and length of hospital stay.

Main Methods:

  • An observational cohort study involving 7,973 adult patients.
  • Nutritional status assessed using Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS), BMI, weight change, and serum albumin.
  • Data collected on length of stay (LOS) and survival status at discharge.

Main Results:

  • Malnutrition prevalence: 10.9% severe (SGA), 34% moderate (SGA), 36.9% at nutritional risk (NRS).
  • NRS scores and low serum albumin (< 2.5 g/dl) were significant independent predictors of mortality (ORs ranging from 2.3 to 5.8).
  • Both NRS and serum albumin were independently associated with increased LOS.

Conclusions:

  • Hospital malnutrition is highly prevalent across Latin America.
  • Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS) and serum albumin are valuable tools for identifying malnutrition and predicting patient prognosis.
  • Early identification and intervention for hospital malnutrition can potentially improve patient outcomes.