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Importance of Tumour Suppressor Gene Methylation in Sinonasal Carcinomas

M Chmelařová1, I Sirák2, M Mžik1

  • 1Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, Charles University in Prague - Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové and University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.

Folia Biologica
|August 13, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Epigenetic changes, specifically promoter hypermethylation of RASSF1, CDH13, ESR1, and TP73 genes, are significantly higher in sinonasal carcinoma compared to normal tissue. These DNA methylation differences may serve as prognostic factors for sinonasal cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Epigenetic alterations, particularly promoter hypermethylation, are crucial in cancer development.
  • This mechanism can lead to the inactivation of critical genes like tumor suppressors and DNA repair genes.
  • Sinonasal carcinoma (SNC) is a rare malignancy where the role of epigenetic changes is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate promoter methylation patterns of specific genes in SNC.
  • To compare methylation status between SNC tissues and normal sinonasal tissues.
  • To explore potential correlations between DNA methylation and human papillomavirus (HPV) status in SNC.

Main Methods:

  • Methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) was employed.
  • The study analyzed 64 SNC tissue samples and 19 control samples.
  • HPV status was assessed and compared with DNA methylation data.

Main Results:

  • Significantly higher promoter methylation was observed in RASSF1, CDH13, ESR1, and TP73 genes in SNC samples compared to controls (20% cut-off).
  • HPV was detected in 23.4% of SNC cases but not in controls.
  • No significant correlation was found between DNA methylation status and HPV positivity.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct promoter methylation profiles exist for RASSF1, ESR1, TP73, and CDH13 genes in SNC versus normal tissue.
  • These epigenetic alterations highlight their importance in SNC carcinogenesis.
  • The findings suggest potential utility of these methylated genes as prognostic biomarkers and for targeted epigenetic therapies in SNC.

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