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Improvement of Impaired Cerebral Microcirculation Using Rheological Modulation by Drag-Reducing Polymers.

D E Bragin1, Z Peng2, O A Bragina3

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. dbragin@salud.unm.edu.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|August 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drag-reducing polymers (DRP) improved blood flow in the brain after stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. DRP mitigated hypoxia and neuronal damage, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits for these conditions.

Keywords:
Cerebral blood flowDrag reducing polymersIschemiaRheological modulationTraumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Nanomolar concentrations of drag-reducing polymers (DRP) improve hemodynamics in limb and cardiac ischemia.
  • Previous studies showed DRP enhance microvascular flow in normal rat brains.
  • The effect of DRP on cerebral microcirculation following ischemia or traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains unstudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of DRP on cerebral microcirculation after focal ischemia and TBI in a rat model.
  • To determine if DRP can restore impaired microvascular perfusion and improve outcomes in these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized in vivo two-photon laser scanning microscopy (2PLSM) to observe the parietal cortex microcirculation in anesthetized rats.
  • Induced focal ischemia via permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) and TBI using fluid percussion.
  • Administered high molecular weight polyethylene oxide (4000 kDa DRP) intravenously post-insult.

Main Results:

  • Both pMCAO and TBI led to decreased microvascular circulation, tissue hypoxia (increased NADH), and blood-brain barrier (BBB) degradation.
  • Post-insult DRP injection increased arteriolar blood volume flow and capillary red blood cell (RBC) velocity, reducing capillary stasis.
  • DRP treatment mitigated tissue hypoxia and BBB degradation, improving neuronal survival and neurologic outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • DRP effectively improved microvascular perfusion in the rat brain following ischemic stroke and TBI.
  • DRP demonstrated a neuroprotective effect by reducing hypoxia and BBB breakdown.
  • These findings suggest DRP holds promise as a therapeutic agent for ischemic stroke and TBI.