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Malaria elimination in India and regional implications
Kinley Wangdi1, Michelle L Gatton2, Gerard C Kelly3
1Research School of Population Health, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia; Phuentsholing General Hospital, Phuentsholing, Bhutan.
The Lancet. Infectious Diseases
|August 17, 2016
Summary
India faces significant malaria challenges due to complex socio-environmental factors and drug resistance. Coordinated cross-border efforts are crucial for malaria elimination in the region.
Area of Science:
- Global Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- India bears a substantial malaria burden, ranking third globally for Plasmodium vivax prevalence.
- Diverse socio-environmental conditions create a complex malaria landscape in India.
- Achieving malaria control in India is vital for regional elimination efforts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the multifaceted challenges hindering malaria elimination in India.
- To emphasize the need for area-specific strategies and improved national coordination.
- To highlight the importance of cross-border collaboration for malaria control.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of malaria transmission patterns across diverse Indian regions.
- Assessment of factors contributing to intense malaria transmission, including climate and environmental conditions.
- Evaluation of vector insecticide resistance and antimalarial drug resistance.
Main Results:
- Key challenges include varied transmission, insecticide and drug resistance, weak surveillance, and poor program coordination.
- Limited prevention and protection are linked to healthcare system weaknesses and socioeconomic constraints.
- Open borders pose a risk for the entry of drug-resistant malaria strains from Southeast Asia.
Conclusions:
- Urgent, coordinated dialogue and action are needed to address malaria across state and national borders.
- Integrated control and preventive measures are essential for achieving regional malaria elimination.
- Strengthening the healthcare system and addressing socioeconomic factors are critical for improving malaria prevention.
