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Related Concept Videos

Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

83.5K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

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General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Regulation of Metabolism01:19

Regulation of Metabolism

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Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Polysome Fractionation and Analysis of Mammalian Translatomes on a Genome-wide Scale
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Translation Factors Specify Cellular Metabolic State.

Juan Mata1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 2AY, UK.

Cell Reports
|August 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A novel translation factor subcomplex controls key energy metabolism genes. This discovery links protein synthesis regulation directly to cellular energy production pathways.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The regulation of gene expression is crucial for cellular function.
  • Translational control plays a significant role in protein production.
  • Energy metabolism involves complex pathways like the electron transport chain and glycolysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the eIF3 translation initiation factor in regulating energy metabolism.
  • To identify specific mRNA targets controlled by eIF3 subcomplexes.
  • To elucidate the link between translational control and cellular energy production.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of translation initiation factor complexes.
  • mRNA sequencing to identify regulated transcripts.

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Real-time Analysis of Transcription Factor Binding, Transcription, Translation, and Turnover to Display Global Events During Cellular Activation
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  • Metabolic assays to assess cellular energy production.

    • Main Results:

    • A specific subcomplex of the eIF3 translation initiation factor was identified.
    • This eIF3 subcomplex regulates the translation of mRNAs encoding mitochondrial electron transport chain components.
    • The same subcomplex also controls the translation of glycolytic enzymes.

    Conclusions:

    • The eIF3 translation initiation factor subcomplex acts as a critical regulator of energy metabolism.
    • Translational control is directly linked to the expression of genes involved in cellular respiration and glycolysis.
    • This finding provides new insights into the coordination of protein synthesis and energy homeostasis.