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TWIST1 upregulates the MAGEA4 oncogene.

Mohammad Mahdi Forghanifard1, Abolfazl Rad1, Moein Farshchian2

  • 1Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.

Molecular Carcinogenesis
|August 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary

TWIST1 upregulates MAGEA4 oncogene expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. This finding reveals a novel regulatory mechanism contributing to tumor aggressiveness and invasiveness.

Keywords:
E-boxMAGEA4TWIST1cancer testis antigensesophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • MAGEA4 oncogene overexpression is observed in various malignancies.
  • The precise mechanisms driving MAGEA4 overexpression remain largely unknown.
  • TWIST1, a transcription factor, is implicated in cell migration and invasion during development and cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential regulatory role of TWIST1 in MAGEA4 gene expression.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which TWIST1 influences MAGEA4 levels in KYSE30 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of MAGEA4 and TWIST1 expression in 55 ESCC patients via qRT-PCR.
  • In silico analysis of the MAGEA4 gene and promoter methylation analysis (qMSP).
  • Ectopic TWIST1 expression in KYSE30 cells followed by qRT-PCR, Western blot, ChIP, and luciferase assays.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive correlation was found between MAGEA4 and TWIST1 overexpression in ESCC, associated with poor prognostic factors.
  • Cells with ectopic TWIST1 expression exhibited significantly higher MAGEA4 levels.
  • ChIP and luciferase assays confirmed TWIST1 indirectly binds to MAGEA4 promoter E-boxes, upregulating MAGEA4 expression.

Conclusions:

  • TWIST1 plays a novel regulatory role in upregulating MAGEA4 expression.
  • Understanding this regulatory pathway may elucidate mechanisms of MAGEA4 overexpression in tumors.
  • This finding has implications for understanding tumor invasiveness and aggressiveness.