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Related Concept Videos

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

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Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
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Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

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Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
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Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

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Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

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Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
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Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

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Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
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Expansion and Adipogenesis Induction of Adipocyte Progenitors from Perivascular Adipose Tissue Isolated by Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting
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[Bone and adipose tissue formation].

J Luther1, J-P David2

  • 1Arbeitsgruppe Transkription und Genexpression, Institut für Osteologie und Biomechanik (IOBM), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland. j.luther@uke.de.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Leptin influences bone health through systemic and local actions, interacting with insulin and osteocalcin. This summary explores their complex, site-specific effects on bone and fat metabolism.

Keywords:
Bone fracturesDiabetes mellitusInsulinLeptinOsteocalcin

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Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Biology
  • Metabolic Research

Background:

  • Leptin plays a key role in maintaining bone homeostasis through both systemic and local mechanisms.
  • Systemic leptin action appears to inhibit bone formation, potentially via a feedback loop involving osteocalcin and insulin.
  • Existing research presents some inconsistencies regarding the precise interactions and site-specific, gender-dependent, and time-dependent effects of these factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the intricate effects of leptin, insulin, and osteocalcin on bone and fat metabolism.
  • To consolidate current understanding of the complex interplay between these hormones in metabolic regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research findings.
  • Analysis of studies investigating leptin, insulin, and osteocalcin interactions.
  • Focus on bone and fat metabolism.

Main Results:

  • Leptin's role in bone homeostasis is multifaceted, involving both systemic inhibition and local actions.
  • The feedback loop involving leptin, insulin, and osteocalcin influences bone formation, though results vary.
  • Effects are demonstrated to be specific to bone site, gender, and time.

Conclusions:

  • Leptin, insulin, and osteocalcin exhibit complex interactions affecting bone and fat metabolism.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for comprehending bone homeostasis and metabolic regulation.
  • Further research may be needed to resolve inconsistencies in the reported data.