Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

1.5K
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
1.5K
Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

2.7K
Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
2.7K
Processes at Electrodes01:30

Processes at Electrodes

43
The electrode interacts with ions in the electrolyte solution at its interface. The rate of oxidation and reduction depends on the speed at which electrons can transfer through this interface. As ions attach to or leave the electrode surface, the electrode acquires a charge, and an electrical potential forms across the interface, making the process more difficult to reach equilibrium. The charge on the electrode affects the local ion concentrations in the solution, though thermal motion...
43
Pore Transport and Ion-Pair Transport01:17

Pore Transport and Ion-Pair Transport

1.5K
Pore transport and ion-pair formation are critical mechanisms for the absorption and distribution of drugs in the body.
Pore transport, also known as convective transport, is a process where small molecules like urea, water, and sugars rapidly cross cell membranes as though there were channels or pores in the membrane. Although direct microscopic evidence is limited  but the concept of pores or channels is widely accepted based on physiological evidence. Despite the lack of direct...
1.5K
Electrochemical Systems01:24

Electrochemical Systems

51
Electrochemical systems provide a fascinating insight into the dynamic interplay of charged species within various phases. One notable example is the interaction between a membrane permeable to K⁺ ions but not to Cl⁻ ions, separating an aqueous KCl solution from pure water. As K⁺ ions diffuse through the membrane, they generate net charges on each phase, leading to a potential difference between them.Similarly, when a piece of Zn is immersed in an aqueous ZnSO₄ solution,...
51
Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview01:06

Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview

1.0K
Interfacial electrochemical methods focus on the phenomena occurring at the boundary between an electrode and a solution, as opposed to bulk methods that concentrate on the solution's overall properties. These interfacial methods are classified as either static or dynamic based on the presence of a nonzero current in the electrochemical cell and the consistency of analyte concentrations. Static methods, such as potentiometry, measure the cell's potential without any significant current...
1.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ionic Fragmentation of the Halothane Molecule Induced by EUV and Soft X-ray Radiation.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2024
Same author

Competition between the shake-off and knockout mechanisms in the double and triple photoionization of the halothane molecule (C<sub>2</sub>HBrClF<sub>3</sub>).

The Journal of chemical physics·2020
Same author

The influence of the structure of the Au(110) surface on the ordering of a monolayer of cytochrome P450 reductase at the Au(110)/phosphate buffer interface.

Physica status solidi. B, Basic solid state physics : PSS·2016
Same author

The stability of the Au(1 1 0)-(1  ×  3) surface reconstruction in electrochemical environments.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2015
Same author

Simultaneous dynamic electrical and structural measurements of functional materials.

The Review of scientific instruments·2015
Same author

The reflection anisotropy spectroscopy of the Au(1 1 0) surface structures in liquid environments.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2015
Same journal

Grammatical evolution-based design of nucleotic analogs for SARS-CoV-2's replication-transcription complex.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same journal

Optical frequency comb Fourier transform spectroscopy of the CH<sub>2</sub><sup>79</sup>Br<sup>81</sup>Br, CH<sub>2</sub><sup>79</sup>Br<sub>2</sub>, and CH<sub>2</sub><sup>81</sup>Br<sub>2</sub> isotopologues in the 1180-1210 cm<sup>-1</sup> region.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same journal

First-principles modeling of polysilazane-derived SiCNH ceramics: insights into the organization of the free-carbon phase.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same journal

Determining the binding strength of phenolic anchoring groups on hydrated WO<sub>3</sub> surfaces.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same journal

Activation of methane by the tantalum trioxide anion, TaO<sub>3</sub><sup></sup>.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same journal

Temperature-dependent recombination dynamics in BH/ZnBr<sub>2</sub> Co-doped CsPbI<sub>3</sub> thin films.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions
08:41

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions

Published on: September 7, 2018

9.5K

Anion replacement at Au(110)/electrolyte interfaces.

P Harrison1, C I Smith, Y Gründer

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK. peterw@liverpool.ac.uk.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|August 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A common reflection anisotropy spectrum (RAS) from gold surfaces is linked to electrode potential and oxidized species. Rapid spectral changes indicate anion replacement by oxygenated species on Au(110) surfaces.

More Related Videos

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
08:06

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

Published on: February 23, 2017

9.0K
Bidirectional Electrical and Optoelectronic Interfaces in Healthy and Ischemic Ex Vivo Rat Hearts
08:33

Bidirectional Electrical and Optoelectronic Interfaces in Healthy and Ischemic Ex Vivo Rat Hearts

Published on: July 18, 2025

1.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions
08:41

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions

Published on: September 7, 2018

9.5K
Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
08:06

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

Published on: February 23, 2017

9.0K
Bidirectional Electrical and Optoelectronic Interfaces in Healthy and Ischemic Ex Vivo Rat Hearts
08:33

Bidirectional Electrical and Optoelectronic Interfaces in Healthy and Ischemic Ex Vivo Rat Hearts

Published on: July 18, 2025

1.0K

Area of Science:

  • Surface science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Reflection anisotropy spectroscopy (RAS) reveals characteristic spectra from Au(110) surfaces across various electrolytes and potentials.
  • The common RAS profile is hypothesized to stem from the interaction between applied electrode potential and oxidized species' dipole moments, aligning the Fermi level within Au's electronic band structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic changes in the RAS profile of Au(110) surfaces under specific electrochemical conditions.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms behind rapid spectral shifts observed within a defined potential range.

Main Methods:

  • Electrochemical measurements using Au(110) electrodes.
  • Reflection anisotropy spectroscopy (RAS) to monitor surface electronic properties.
  • Potential-controlled experiments in H2SO4 electrolyte.

Main Results:

  • A consistent RAS profile was observed for Au(110) across diverse electrolytes and potentials.
  • Rapid, reversible spectral changes (<10 ms) occurred on Au(110)/H2SO4 when switching potential between 0.3 V and 0.6 V.
  • These changes occurred in a potential range where the surface remains non-reconstructed and below oxidation potentials.

Conclusions:

  • The observed RAS phenomena are attributed to the interplay between applied potential, surface species, and the electronic structure of gold.
  • The rapid spectral shifts indicate a fast surface process involving the replacement of adsorbed anions by oxygenated species.