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Related Concept Videos

Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests01:24

Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests

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Renal function tests are crucial for assessing kidney health, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating the kidneys' efficiency in waste elimination, fluid balance, and electrolyte regulation. These tests offer critical insights into kidney function, even though routine measurements may appear normal until there is a significant decline in the glomerular filtration rate or GFR. Typically, signs of kidney impairment only become evident when the GFR falls to about 50% of its normal level.
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Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

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A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance01:29

Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

2.2K
Metabolic reactions in the body produce nonvolatile acids, such as sulfuric acid, which generate an acid load of approximately 1 mEq of H+ per kilogram of body weight daily. Excreting H+ in the urine is essential to balance this acid load.
In the kidneys, cells within the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and the collecting ducts secrete hydrogen ions (H+) into the tubular fluid. Specifically, in the PCT, Na+/H+ antiporters secrete H+ while reabsorbing Na+.
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Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment01:17

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment

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Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
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Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Deacetylation Assays to Unravel the Interplay between Sirtuins SIRT2 and Specific Protein-substrates
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SIRT1 and Kidney Function.

Yi Guan1, Chuan-Ming Hao1

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Kidney Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a key enzyme in kidney health, regulating metabolism, stress response, and DNA integrity. This review highlights SIRT1's therapeutic potential for various kidney diseases.

Keywords:
Kidney functionNicotinamide adenine dinucleotideSIRT1

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a class III histone deacetylase dependent on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.
  • SIRT1 is highly expressed in the kidney, particularly the renal medulla, and plays a crucial role in renal physiology and pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental biology of SIRT1.
  • To focus on recent research investigating SIRT1 as a therapeutic target for kidney diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of SIRT1 biology and its role in renal pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of studies on SIRT1's impact on diabetic albuminuria, blood pressure, acute kidney injury, fibrosis, cystogenesis, and aging.

Main Results:

  • SIRT1 deacetylates both histone and nonhistone proteins, influencing longevity, metabolic homeostasis, stress response, and DNA integrity.
  • In the kidney, SIRT1 demonstrates protective effects, including attenuation of diabetic albuminuria, reduction of blood pressure, resistance to acute kidney injury, and delay of fibrogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • SIRT1 is implicated in numerous signaling pathways vital for cellular function and organismal health.
  • Emerging evidence supports SIRT1 as a promising therapeutic target for managing and treating a spectrum of kidney diseases.