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Trans-inactivation: Repression in a wrong place.

Aleksei S Shatskikh1, Yuriy A Abramov1, Sergey A Lavrov1

  • 1a Department of Molecular Genetics of the Cell , Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Science , Moscow , Russia.

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|August 20, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Trans-inactivation represses genes on one chromosome due to a rearranged homologous chromosome. This involves dragging euchromatin into heterochromatin, differing from cis-inactivation.

Keywords:
PEVchromatinheterochromatinnuclear compartmentstrans-inactivationtranscription

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Position effect variegation (PEV) describes gene repression near heterochromatin.
  • Trans-inactivation is a form of PEV where a rearranged chromosome represses genes on its homolog.
  • The brownDominant allele and In(2)A4 inversion are examples of trans-inactivation inducers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms of trans-inactivation.
  • To compare trans-inactivation with cis-inactivation (classical PEV).
  • To understand the role of chromosome rearrangements in gene regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Studying the effects of brownDominant allele and In(2)A4 inversion on gene expression.
  • Analyzing the distribution patterns of cis-inactivation and trans-inactivation.
  • Assessing the response of these phenomena to PEV modifying genes.

Main Results:

  • Trans-inactivation in both studied cases appears to result from euchromatic regions being dragged into heterochromatin.
  • Cis-inactivation and trans-inactivation exhibit distinct chromosomal distribution patterns.
  • These two inactivation modes show differential responses to PEV modifying genes.
  • Trans-inactivation likely involves de novo heterochromatin formation on translocated euchromatic sequences.
  • Somatic interphase chromosome pairing in Diptera contributes to trans-inactivation.

Conclusions:

  • Trans-inactivation is mechanistically distinct from cis-inactivation.
  • The phenomenon involves heterochromatin-induced position effects combined with chromosome pairing.
  • De novo heterochromatin assembly is a key mechanism in trans-inactivation.