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Hemodynamic Correlates of Blood Pressure in Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Hirofumi Tanaka1, Gerardo Heiss2, Elizabeth L McCabe3

  • 1University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX.

Journal of Clinical Hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)
|August 21, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Arterial stiffness is a key factor influencing blood pressure in older adults. This study identified arterial stiffness, stroke volume, and wave reflection as major hemodynamic factors affecting systolic blood pressure.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Understanding blood pressure regulation is crucial for managing cardiovascular health in aging populations.
  • Hemodynamic factors significantly influence both steady and pulsatile blood pressure (BP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the hemodynamic determinants of steady and pulsatile blood pressure in community-dwelling older adults.
  • To investigate the influence of arterial stiffness, stroke volume, and wave reflection on BP.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of hemodynamic data from 3762 adults aged 70-89 years.
  • Measurement of arterial stiffness using aortic pulse wave velocity.
  • Echocardiography used to assess stroke volume.

Main Results:

  • Arterial stiffness was the strongest determinant of systolic BP (brachial and carotid).
  • Stroke volume, arterial wave reflection, left ventricular ejection time, and upstroke time also significantly influenced systolic BP.
  • Mean arterial pressure was strongly associated with total peripheral resistance (TPR) and cardiac index.

Conclusions:

  • Arterial stiffness is a primary hemodynamic correlate of systolic blood pressure in older adults.
  • Hemodynamic factors like stroke volume and wave reflection are critical for pulsatile BP regulation.
  • Mean arterial pressure is predominantly determined by total peripheral resistance.

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