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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Author Spotlight: Implementing the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Concept in Rehabilitation Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
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Return to Play Following Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction.

Edward Lyle Cain1, Owen McGonigle1

  • 1Andrews Sports Medicine and Orthopaedic Center, American Sports Medicine Institute, 805 St. Vincent's Drive, Suite 100, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA.

Clinics in Sports Medicine
|August 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Ulnar collateral ligament injuries in overhead athletes often require surgical reconstruction for return to play. Despite a prolonged rehabilitation, surgery successfully restores athletes to their previous competition level.

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The Management of Biceps Pain: Non-Operative & Surgical.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Sports medicine
  • Biomechanics of overhead activities

Background:

  • Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries are common in overhead athletes, particularly pitchers.
  • Symptoms include activity-related pain, decreased velocity, and loss of control.
  • Treatment spectrum includes nonoperative management and surgical reconstruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of UCL injuries in overhead athletes.
  • To discuss treatment options, focusing on surgical reconstruction and rehabilitation.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of surgical treatment in returning athletes to competition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on UCL injuries in overhead athletes.
  • Analysis of surgical techniques and rehabilitation protocols.
Keywords:
Outcomes after UCL reconstructionReturn to play after UCL reconstructionUCLUCL complicationsUCL reconstructionUCL rehabUCL tear

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  • Synthesis of outcomes data regarding return to competition.

    • Main Results:

    • Surgical reconstruction is often necessary for athletes to return to high-level competition.
    • Multiple surgical techniques have been described for UCL reconstruction.
    • The rehabilitation process is extensive, involving phased progression.
    • Studies demonstrate high success rates for surgical treatment in restoring athletes to their prior level.

    Conclusions:

    • Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction is a viable and effective treatment for overhead athletes.
    • Successful return to sport requires a comprehensive and phased rehabilitation program.
    • Further research may focus on optimizing surgical techniques and rehabilitation strategies.