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To promote clear communication, for instance, about the location of a patient's abdominal pain or a suspicious mass, anatomists and clinicians typically use imaginary lines to categorize the abdominopelvic cavity into either four quadrants or nine regions to identify organs in the cavity.
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The abdominal wall encircles the abdominal cavity, providing flexible protection and shielding the internal organs from harm. It is bordered at the top by the xiphoid process and costal margins, at the back by the vertebral column, and at the bottom by the pelvic bones and inguinal ligament. The abdominal wall is divided into two regions — the anterolateral and posterior regions.
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The plexuses of the lower body include the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal plexuses, which innervate the abdomen, pelvis, legs, and coccygeal region. These plexuses control the transmission of sensory information and coordinate motor functions of the lower body.
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Once the aorta traverses the diaphragmatic plane at the aortic hiatus, it is known as the abdominal aorta. This anatomical structure is positioned leftward of the spinal column, encased within a cocoon of adipose tissue behind the peritoneal cavity. It terminates at the L4 vertebra, where it splits into the common iliac arteries. Prior to this bifurcation, the abdominal aorta gives rise to several vital branches.
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Core Injuries Remote from the Pubic Symphysis.

Jeffrey A Belair1, Tarek M Hegazi2, Johannes B Roedl1

  • 1Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Interventions, Department of Radiology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 South 10th Street, Suite 1096, 1087 Main Building, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.

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Core injuries in athletes are common. This review details less common core injuries, their symptoms, and imaging techniques to aid diagnosis and treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Musculoskeletal Imaging

Background:

  • The core, or central musculoskeletal system of the torso, is vital for athletic performance and physical activity.
  • Core injuries are frequently observed in athletes and active individuals, impacting their ability to participate.
  • While the pubic symphysis and rectus abdominis-adductor aponeurosis are recognized for core stability, other injuries are also significant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review core injuries beyond the pubic symphysis.
  • To discuss clinical features and imaging approaches for these remote core injuries.
  • To highlight specific core syndromes and their radiological interpretation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on core injuries in athletes.
  • Examination of clinical presentations and diagnostic imaging modalities.
  • Analysis of specific core injury syndromes.

Main Results:

  • Identified important core injuries located away from the pubic symphysis.
  • Outlined key clinical signs and symptoms associated with these injuries.
  • Described preferred imaging protocols and findings for various core syndromes.

Conclusions:

  • Radiologists play a crucial role in diagnosing core injuries by protocoling imaging studies.
  • Accurate identification of pathology aids clinical decision-making and therapeutic planning.
  • Understanding diverse core injuries improves patient management in sports medicine and active populations.