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Related Concept Videos

Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

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Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

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DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
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Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
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Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

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In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
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Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

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Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Replication-Associated Recombinational Repair: Lessons from Budding Yeast.

Jacob N Bonner1,2, Xiaolan Zhao3,4

  • 1Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. jab2050@med.cornell.edu.

Genes
|August 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recombinational repair is crucial for duplicating DNA when replication encounters blocks. Budding yeast studies reveal conserved mechanisms for replication-associated repair, aiding research in complex organisms.

Keywords:
HJ resolutionSUMOylationrecombination intermediatesreplication fork regressiontemplate switchubiquitination

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Targeted in Situ Mutagenesis of Histone Genes in Budding Yeast
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Targeted in Situ Mutagenesis of Histone Genes in Budding Yeast
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Recombinational repair addresses various DNA lesions, particularly during DNA replication.
  • Replication encounters impediments, necessitating recombinational repair for genome duplication.
  • This repair involves core recombination proteins and specialized factors linking replication and repair.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding replication-associated recombinational repair.
  • To highlight findings from budding yeast and their conservation in higher eukaryotes.
  • To explore mechanisms like template switching, gap filling, and fork regression.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing powerful genetics in budding yeast.
  • Employing methods to detect DNA replication and repair intermediates.
  • Synthesizing findings from multiple organisms.

Main Results:

  • Detailed understanding of classical template switch mechanisms.
  • Insights into gap filling and replication fork regression pathways.
  • Identification of specialized factors coupling replication with repair.

Conclusions:

  • Budding yeast provides a powerful model for studying replication-associated recombinational repair.
  • Conserved protein factors and principles are identified, crucial for higher eukaryotes.
  • Findings stimulate further research into DNA repair in complex organisms.