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Developing brain networks of attention.

Michael I Posner1, Mary K Rothbart, Pascale Voelker

  • 1University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.

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This review updates knowledge on brain networks for attention, highlighting their development from infancy, links to self-regulation, and potential for training to improve cognitive function and address attention pathologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neurobiology

Background:

  • Attention is a fundamental cognitive function influencing perception, language, and memory.
  • Understanding attention networks is crucial for addressing developmental and neurological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review of brain networks associated with attention.
  • To explore the development, training, and pathologies of these attention networks.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on attention networks.
  • Analysis of studies on the development of attention from infancy.
  • Examination of the relationship between attention networks and individual differences, including effortful control and anterior cingulate cortex size.

Main Results:

  • The executive attention network (cingulo-opercular network) facilitates goal-directed behavior and voluntary control.
  • Individual differences in self-regulation (effortful control) in children correlate with the executive network and anterior cingulate cortex.
  • Attention networks emerge in infancy and are implicated in childhood developmental differences and pathologies.

Conclusions:

  • Attention networks are foundational cognitive systems developing early in life.
  • Training attention shows promise for enhancing cognitive performance and mitigating attention-related disorders.
  • Further research into attention networks can inform interventions for developmental and clinical populations.