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Helional induces Ca2+ decrease and serotonin secretion of QGP-1 cells via a PKG-mediated pathway.

Benjamin Kalbe1, Marian Schlimm2, Julia Mohrhardt3

  • 1Department of Cell PhysiologyRuhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany benjamin.kalbe@rub.de.

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology
|August 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Specialized intestinal cells, enterochromaffin cells, detect food odorants via olfactory receptors. This triggers serotonin release and a protein kinase G-dependent calcium decrease, revealing a new communication pathway.

Keywords:
calcium signalingenterochromaffin cellsolfactory receptorserotonin

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Area of Science:

  • Neurogastroenterology
  • Cellular Physiology
  • Sensory Biology

Background:

  • Enterochromaffin (EC) cells regulate intestinal functions via neuroendocrine signaling.
  • EC cells respond to luminal stimuli, releasing serotonin to mediate physiological responses.
  • Molecular targets for chemical stimuli in EC cells remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression and function of olfactory receptor 2J3 (OR2J3) in human pancreatic EC cells.
  • To determine the signaling pathway involved in OR2J3 activation by helional.
  • To elucidate the role of OR2J3 in mediating serotonin release from EC cells.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative analysis of OR2J3 mRNA and protein expression in the QGP-1 EC cell line.
  • Ratiofluorometric Ca(2+) imaging to assess intracellular calcium changes upon helional stimulation.
  • Pharmacological inhibition of protein kinase G (PKG) to investigate its role in the helional response.
  • Measurement of serotonin release from QGP-1 cells stimulated with helional and a PKG activator.

Main Results:

  • OR2J3 was expressed at both mRNA and protein levels in the QGP-1 human pancreatic EC cell line.
  • Helional, a specific OR2J3 agonist, induced a dose-dependent decrease in intracellular Ca(2+) levels.
  • The helional-induced Ca(2+) decrease was dependent on protein kinase G (PKG) activity.
  • Helional stimulation led to a dose-dependent release of serotonin, comparable to direct PKG activation.

Conclusions:

  • Luminal odorants can be detected by specific olfactory receptors (ORs) in human pancreatic EC cells.
  • OR2J3 activation by helional triggers serotonin release via a PKG-dependent pathway.
  • This study reveals a novel mechanism for chemosensory detection and signaling in EC cells.