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Delayed tooth emergence in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus
Walter J Psoter1, Evelyn M Nelson2, Kevin J Psoter3
1Director of Dental Research, Department of Dental Medicine, NYU-Lutheran Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA; and Associate Professor, University of Rochester, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, Rochester NY, USA.
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
|August 25, 2016
Summary
Children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) experienced delayed tooth emergence. This study found that HIV-positive children were less likely to have permanent teeth emerge compared to HIV-negative children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric dentistry
- Infectious diseases
- Growth and development
Background:
- Early growth deficits in children may impact tooth emergence.
- Limited evidence exists linking human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to delayed tooth eruption.
Purpose of the Study:
- To prospectively assess tooth emergence timing in children with and without HIV.
- To compare the timing of permanent tooth eruption between HIV-positive and HIV-negative children.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal study followed HIV-positive children and HIV-negative peers aged 2-15 years from 1993-1996.
- Tooth emergence status was recorded for permanent first molars and incisors.
- A proportional hazards model analyzed emergence timing, calculating median ages.
Main Results:
- 116 children (62 HIV-positive, 54 HIV-negative) completed the study.
- Five of six tooth pairs showed statistically significant differences in emergence timing.
- HIV-positive children were less likely to have teeth emerge, with a median delay of 1.03 years.
Conclusions:
- Children with HIV exhibit delayed emergence of permanent dentition.
- This finding suggests a link between HIV infection and altered dental development timelines.
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