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Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics
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High efficiency, single-lobe surface-emitting DFB/DBR quantum cascade lasers.

Ying-Hui Liu, Jin-Chuan Zhang, Fang-Liang Yan

    Optics Express
    |August 25, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We developed a surface-emitting quantum cascade laser (QCL) using buried gratings. This design achieves high efficiency and excellent beam quality for advanced applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Semiconductor Lasers
    • Nanophotonics

    Background:

    • Surface-emitting lasers are crucial for various applications.
    • Achieving high efficiency and beam quality in quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) remains a challenge.
    • Distributed feedback (DFB) and distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) gratings are key for laser performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a novel surface-emitting quantum cascade laser (QCL) design.
    • To investigate the use of second-order buried DFB/DBR gratings for improved laser performance.
    • To achieve high surface outcoupling efficiency and superior beam quality.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a QCL with second-order buried DFB/DBR gratings beneath the waveguide.
    • Analysis and experimental validation of grating-induced symmetric mode lasing.
    • Characterization of far-field radiation patterns and outcoupling efficiency.

    Main Results:

    • The buried grating structure fundamentally favors symmetric mode lasing.
    • A single-lobe far-field pattern with a 0.18° FWHM was achieved.
    • High surface outcoupling efficiencies of 46% (CW) and 60% (pulsed) at room temperature were obtained.
    • Single-mode emission with an SMSR of ~25 dB was demonstrated and tunable.

    Conclusions:

    • The second-order buried DFB/DBR grating is an effective design for high-efficiency surface-emitting QCLs.
    • This approach yields excellent far-field beam quality, crucial for many applications.
    • The developed QCL technology contributes to the advancement of efficient optoelectronic devices.