Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

2.0K
Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
2.0K
Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

2.3K
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
2.3K
Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

1.6K
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
1.6K
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

1.3K
Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
1.3K
Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

1.8K
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
1.8K
Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein

1.1K
Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease: A Delphi Consensus Study.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2024
Same author

The economic benefit of timely, adequate, and adherence to Parkinson's disease treatment: the Value of Treatment Project 2.

European journal of neurology·2020
Same author

Insufficiency of trunk extension and impaired control of muscle force in Parkinson's disease with camptocormia.

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·2020
Same author

Discrimination of physiological tremor from pathological tremor using accelerometer and surface EMG signals.

Technology and health care : official journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine·2020
Same author

Differences in neurology residency training programmes across Europe - a survey among the Residents and Research Fellow Section of the European Academy of Neurology national representatives.

European journal of neurology·2020
Same author

Recruitment gain of spinal motor neuron pools in cat and human.

Experimental brain research·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients with Medically-refractory Essential Tremor
05:54

MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients with Medically-refractory Essential Tremor

Published on: December 13, 2017

15.0K

Current concepts of essential tremor.

F Gövert1, J S Becktepe1, G Deuschl1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel Campus, Schittenhelmstrasse 10, 24105 Kiel, Germany.

Revue Neurologique
|August 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Essential tremor (ET) may not be a single disorder, with abnormal brain loop oscillations implicated. Further phenotyping is crucial to understand diverse ET subtypes and their underlying mechanisms.

Keywords:
Aging-related tremorCerebellumEssential tremorGABATremor

More Related Videos

Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale
07:35

Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale

Published on: July 8, 2025

1.6K
An Instrumented Pull Test to Characterize Postural Responses
12:18

An Instrumented Pull Test to Characterize Postural Responses

Published on: April 6, 2019

11.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 15, 2026

MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients with Medically-refractory Essential Tremor
05:54

MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients with Medically-refractory Essential Tremor

Published on: December 13, 2017

15.0K
Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale
07:35

Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale

Published on: July 8, 2025

1.6K
An Instrumented Pull Test to Characterize Postural Responses
12:18

An Instrumented Pull Test to Characterize Postural Responses

Published on: April 6, 2019

11.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Essential tremor (ET) is clinically defined, but emerging evidence suggests it's not a monolithic entity.
  • Pathophysiological studies indicate potential variations among ET subtypes.
  • A specific cerebello-thalamo-cortical loop's abnormal oscillation is a key neurophysiological finding in ET.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the heterogeneous nature of essential tremor.
  • To investigate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and potential subtypes of ET.
  • To highlight the need for improved patient phenotyping for better classification and understanding.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing neurophysiological, genetic, and clinical data on essential tremor.
  • Analysis of evidence implicating the cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathway and GABAergic neurotransmission.
  • Discussion of genetic findings and the potential distinction of late-onset or aging-related tremor.

Main Results:

  • Strong evidence points to abnormal oscillations in the cerebello-thalamo-cortical loop.
  • GABA is identified as a primary neurotransmitter involved in ET pathophysiology.
  • Late-onset tremor may represent a distinct condition associated with premature aging and increased mortality risk.

Conclusions:

  • Essential tremor likely comprises multiple subtypes with varying etiologies.
  • The cerebellum and GABAergic system are critically involved.
  • Enhanced phenotyping, including clinical assessments and cognitive testing, is essential for differentiating ET variants and understanding their mechanisms.