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Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
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Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
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When we take repeated measurements on the same or replicated samples, we will observe inconsistencies in the magnitude. These inconsistencies are called errors. To categorize and characterize these results and their errors, the researcher can use statistical analysis to determine the quality of the measurements and/or suitability of the methods.
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In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...
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Attitude is our evaluation of a person, an idea, or an object. We have attitudes for many things ranging from products that we might pick up in the supermarket to people around the world to political policies. Typically, attitudes are favorable or unfavorable: positive or negative (Eagly & Chaiken, 1993). And, they have three components: an affective component (feelings), a behavioral component (the effect of the attitude on behavior), and a cognitive component (belief and knowledge;...
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Using panel data to examine pregnancy attitudes over time.

Heini Väisänen1, Rachel K Jones2

  • 1Department of Social Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, United Kingdom.

International Journal of Population Studies
|August 27, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Women's pregnancy intentions can shift rapidly. A study found that relationship changes significantly impacted fertility desires and pregnancy avoidance over six months, highlighting the need for contextual reproductive health care.

Keywords:
fertility intentionspanel datapregnancy avoidancepregnancy planning

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Sociology of Health
  • Demography

Background:

  • Limited research exists on short-term fluctuations in women's fertility attitudes.
  • Understanding dynamic changes in pregnancy intentions is crucial for effective reproductive health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine changes in U.S. women's attempts to conceive and desire to avoid pregnancy over a six-month period.
  • To identify characteristics and circumstances associated with these shifts in fertility intentions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of two-wave panel data from approximately 3,000 U.S. adult women.
  • Utilized multinomial regression to assess transitions in pregnancy planning and avoidance desires.

Main Results:

  • Six percent of women transitioned between trying to conceive and not trying within six months.
  • Significant proportions shifted in their desire to avoid pregnancy (9% from strong to not strong, 7% from not strong to strong).
  • Entering a serious romantic relationship was linked to increased attempts to conceive and decreased pregnancy avoidance.

Conclusions:

  • Women's fertility intentions are dynamic and can change within short timeframes.
  • Relationship status changes are a key factor influencing shifts in pregnancy planning and avoidance.
  • Reproductive health care and research must adopt a holistic, context-aware approach to women's lives.