[Current recommendations for deceleration of myopia progression]

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Public Health

Background:

• Epidemiological data indicate a significant increase in myopia prevalence globally.
• There is a growing demand for effective interventions to mitigate myopia onset and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and summarize evidence-based interventions for reducing myopia risk and progression.
• To identify the most effective strategies for myopia management in children.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and MEDLINE databases.
• The search focused on interventions aimed at preventing or slowing myopia progression.

Main Results:

• Low-dose atropine eye drops are highly effective in reducing myopia progression with minimal side effects.
• Multifocal contact lenses, designed to correct peripheral hyperopic defocus, also show efficacy in slowing myopia progression.
• Increased exposure to daylight is a key factor in reducing the incidence of myopia.

Conclusions:

• Spending adequate time outdoors, particularly before and during primary school, is recommended to reduce myopia risk.
• Low-dose topical atropine and multifocal contact lenses represent effective therapeutic options for attenuating myopia progression.