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Related Concept Videos

Positron Emission Tomography01:29

Positron Emission Tomography

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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body...
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Proton (¹H) NMR: Chemical Shift01:07

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Organic molecules primarily contain carbon and hydrogen atoms. While all the hydrogen isotopes are NMR-active, protium or hydrogen-1 is the most abundant. It has a significant energy separation between its nuclear spin states due to its large gyromagnetic ratio. As per Boltzmann's distribution, an increase in the energy separation implies a greater excess population of nuclei available for excitation, resulting in a strong NMR absorption signal.
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Nuclear Transmutation03:20

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Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
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Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

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[Proton therapy].

G Noël1, D Antoni1

  • 1Département de radiothérapie, centre Paul-Strauss, 3, rue de la Porte-de-l'Hôpital, 67065 Strasbourg, France.

Cancer Radiotherapie : Journal De La Societe Francaise De Radiotherapie Oncologique
|August 29, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Proton therapy, an optimized radiotherapy, offers reliable treatments due to technical advancements. Further trials and radiobiology integration will refine its application and expand its use.

Keywords:
IndicationOrganisationOrganizationProton therapyProtonthérapieRadiobiologieRadiobiology

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Proton therapy represents an advanced radiotherapy modality.
  • Continuous technical improvements have led to reliable proton therapy machines.

Observation:

  • Therapeutic indications for proton therapy are becoming increasingly defined.
  • Clinical trials are necessary to validate current treatment guidelines.
  • Integrating radiobiology knowledge into treatment planning could enhance efficacy.

Findings:

  • The advancement of proton therapy technology ensures machine reliability.
  • Established guidelines for therapeutic indications are emerging.
  • Enhanced understanding and integration of radiobiology are potential improvements.

Implications:

  • A restructured organization of care is proposed to stabilize patient numbers and optimize treatment relevance.
  • This organizational approach will facilitate the future expansion of proton therapy.
  • Further research and validation are crucial for widespread adoption and optimization.