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Acute Kidney Injury Model Induced by Cisplatin in Adult Zebrafish
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[Severe Hyponatremia after Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy : Two Case Reports]
Mari Ohtaka1, Yusuke Hattori1, Yohei Kumano1
1The Departments of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center.
Hinyokika Kiyo. Acta Urologica Japonica
|August 30, 2016
Summary
Cisplatin chemotherapy can cause hyponatremia, a dangerous electrolyte imbalance. Two cases illustrate the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone hypersecretion (SIADH) and renal salt wasting syndrome (RSWS) as potential causes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Cisplatin (CDDP) is a widely used chemotherapy agent.
- Hyponatremia is a known complication of CDDP treatment.
- Accurate diagnosis of hyponatremia etiology is crucial for patient management.
Observation:
- Two patients developed hyponatremia following CDDP-based chemotherapy.
- Case 1 presented with symptoms consistent with SIADH.
- Case 2 exhibited signs of renal salt wasting syndrome (RSWS).
Findings:
- Severe hyponatremia (Na 113 mEq/l) in Case 1 was attributed to SIADH, characterized by high plasma vasopressin and low urine osmolality.
- Hyponatremia (Na 121 mEq/l) with renal dysfunction and high urinary sodium excretion in Case 2 suggested RSWS.
- Both patients improved consciousness after saline infusion and appropriate management.
Implications:
- Distinguishing between SIADH and RSWS is essential for effective treatment of cisplatin-induced hyponatremia.
- This case series highlights the importance of monitoring electrolyte balance during CDDP chemotherapy.
- Further research may elucidate specific mechanisms and diagnostic markers for CDDP-associated hyponatremia.
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