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Published on: May 25, 2019
Factors associated to hypertensive heart disease development: a prospective cohort study in Bayamo, Cuba
Alexis Álvarez Aliaga1, Julio César González Aguilera2, Liliana Del Rosario Maceo Gómez3
1Hospital Universitario Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, Bayamo, Granma, Cuba. Address: Carretera Central Km 1, Vía Santiago de Cuba, Bayamo, Granma, Cuba.
Insights
Poor blood pressure control and hypertension stage 2 are key risk factors for developing hypertensive heart disease. Age over 60 and microalbuminuria also significantly increase the risk, highlighting the need for targeted prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Hypertension Research
- Public Health
Background:
- Hypertensive cardiopathy presents the highest morbidity and mortality rates among target organ damage conditions caused by arterial hypertension.
- Prevention of hypertensive cardiopathy is a critical component of comprehensive high blood pressure management programs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and analyze the significant risk factors associated with the development of hypertensive cardiopathy in a cohort of hypertensive patients.
Main Methods:
- A prospective cohort study was conducted from 2000 to 2009 involving patients with arterial hypertension.
- Data were collected from specialized hypertension clinics in Bayamo Municipality, Granma Province, Cuba.
- Multivariate analysis was employed to determine the hazard rates (HR) for developing hypertensive cardiopathy.
Main Results:
- Lack of blood pressure control was the leading independent risk factor (HR=2.022; p<0.005).
- Hypertension stage 2 also showed a significant association (HR=2.015; p<0.005).
- Other significant factors included microalbuminuria (HR=1.9) and age over 60 years (HR=1.6).
Conclusions:
- Several modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors significantly contribute to the development of hypertensive heart disease.
- Effective prevention strategies should focus on blood pressure control, early detection of hypertension stages, and management of factors like microalbuminuria and age.
Introduction:
Among the conditions resulting from target organ damage by arterial hypertension, hypertensive cardiopathy is the one that exhibits the highest morbidity and mortality rates. Its prevention should be a target of all high blood pressure medical care programs.
Objective:
To identify risk factors for the development of hypertensive cardiopathy.
Methods:
A prospective cohort study was carried out in hypertensive patients assisted at the specialized arterial hypertension physicians offices of the Carlos Manuel de Céspedes Specialty Policlinic attached to the General University Hospital, Bayamo Municipality, Granma Province, Cuba, from January 1st, 2000 to December 31st, 2009.
Results:
Multivariate analysis done to estimate the hazard rate (HR) of developing hypertensive cardiopathy, showed significant independent statistic association for most factors. The first place was occupied by lack of blood pressure control (HR=2.022; 95% CI: 1.659-2.465; p<0.005), followed by hypertension stage 2 (HR=2.015; 95% CI: 1.715-2.366; p<0.005). Another factors with significant HRs were microalbuminuria (HR=1.9; 95% CI: 1.6-2.2) and age over 60 years (HR=1.6; 95% CI: 1.4-1.9).
Conclusions:
Several risk factors must be considered for the prevention of hypertensive heart disease in high blood pressure patients.
