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Related Concept Videos

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

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Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
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Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
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Upper Respiratory Drugs: First and Second-Generation Antihistamines01:15

Upper Respiratory Drugs: First and Second-Generation Antihistamines

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Antihistamines are a class of drugs widely used to alleviate the symptoms of allergies, such as sneezing, itching, and nasal congestion. They work by inhibiting the actions of histamine, which is released by immune cells in response to allergenic substances or tissue injuries.
Histamine binds to specific receptor sites, known as H1 receptors, on tissue cells, triggering inflammation and swelling. Antihistamines combat these effects by competing with histamine for these receptor sites. By...
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Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:17

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview

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Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
Bronchodilators, the first step of respiration enhancement, come in various forms, each with its own mechanism...
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Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants01:27

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants

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Decongestants are a class of medications used primarily to alleviate nasal congestion, a common symptom resulting from allergies, colds, sinusitis, and other upper respiratory tract infections. These drugs work by activating α-adrenergic receptors, constricting small blood vessels in the nasal membranes. This action results in the opening of clogged nasal passages, thereby facilitating sinus drainage and relieving congestion.
Most decongestants are readily available over-the-counter in...
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Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses01:30

Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses

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Adrenergic agonists have diverse therapeutic uses across various medical conditions and emergencies.
Emergency and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) applications: Pressor agents increase blood pressure, heart rate, and contractility in shock and organ failure situations. Dopamine can induce vasodilation and stimulate adrenoceptors. Endogenous catecholamines are effective in treating cardiogenic shock. α2-agonists like clonidine can reverse anesthesia-induced hypertension.
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Medications for Allergic Rhinitis.

Rachel E Roditi1, Stacey Ishman2, Stella Lee3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Many patients with allergic rhinitis do not receive recommended antihistamines or nasal steroids, despite the condition

Keywords:
National Ambulatory Medical Care Surveyallergic rhinitisantihistaminesnasal steroidsperformance measurespractice patternsprevalencequality improvement

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Public Health
  • Clinical Practice Guidelines

Background:

  • Allergic rhinitis is a common condition affecting millions.
  • Adherence to clinical practice guidelines for allergic rhinitis is under consideration for national performance metrics.
  • Understanding current medication administration practices is crucial for quality improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess patient- and clinician-reported medication use in allergic rhinitis.
  • To evaluate the prescription rates of antihistamines and nasal steroids.
  • To inform discussions on national performance metrics for allergic rhinitis care.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative data.
  • Utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) / National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS).
  • Primary outcomes: patient-reported receipt and clinician-administered rates of antihistamines and nasal steroids.

Main Results:

  • An estimated 29.2 million and 92.2 million individuals were diagnosed with "hay fever" and "allergies," respectively.
  • Patients reported receiving antihistamines or nasal steroids in 21.1%–24.0% of allergic rhinitis cases.
  • Clinician administration rates for allergic rhinitis visits were: nasal steroids (29.6%), nonsedating antihistamines (22.4%), and sedating antihistamines (17.2%).

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of patients with allergic rhinitis do not receive recommended antihistamines and nasal steroids.
  • Discrepancies exist between patient reports and clinician entries regarding medication administration.
  • Current treatment patterns suggest a gap in guideline adherence for allergic rhinitis management.