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The obese pregnancy.

A H Aamir1

  • 1Department of Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|September 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Pregnancy weight gain is normal, but pre-pregnancy obesity increases risks for mother and fetus. Lifestyle interventions like diet and exercise are key to managing these pregnancy complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Pregnancy weight gain is physiological.
  • Pre-pregnancy overweight status poses risks to both mother and fetus.
  • Obesity impacts fertility and increases risks throughout pregnancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the adverse complications associated with obesity during pregnancy.
  • To emphasize the increased risks for both the mother and the developing fetus.
  • To underscore the importance of lifestyle management in mitigating these risks.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on obesity and pregnancy outcomes.
  • Analysis of risks associated with high Body Mass Index (BMI).
  • Synthesis of management strategies for obese pregnant individuals.

Main Results:

  • Obesity is linked to reduced fertility, e.g., Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS).
  • Incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, hypertension, and preeclampsia is 2-3 times higher in obese women (BMI > 30kg/m²).
  • Increased risks include thromboembolism, miscarriage, Cesarean section, stillbirth, perinatal mortality, genetic disorders, and fetal macrosomia.

Conclusions:

  • Obesity significantly elevates maternal and fetal risks during pregnancy.
  • Comprehensive health education focusing on lifestyle, diet, and exercise is crucial.
  • Management should prioritize a healthy lifestyle to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Keywords:
Obesity, Pregnancy, Weight gain, Diet, Physical exercise.

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