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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
896
Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

713
Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus....
713
Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

850
Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...
850
Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

1.1K
Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
1.1K
Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

1.9K
Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
1.9K
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

727
Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...
727

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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

An Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy Designed to Minimize Anastomotic Complications and Optimize Conduit Function
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Acute Esophageal Necrosis: An Update.

Faisal Inayat1, Abu Hurairah2, Hafeez Ul Hassan Virk3

  • 1Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY, USA.

North American Journal of Medical Sciences
|September 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN), or black esophagus, is a rare condition. Poor glycemic control may be linked to AEN, impacting its poor prognosis in elderly patients with comorbidities.

Keywords:
Acute esophageal necrosisawarenessdiabeteshyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN), also known as black esophagus, is a rare clinical diagnosis.
  • The etiology of AEN remains unclear, posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Observation:

  • Diagnosis is confirmed during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy by the characteristic appearance of a black, necrotic esophagus.
  • Patients diagnosed with AEN are often elderly and have significant comorbid conditions, contributing to a generally poor prognosis.

Findings:

  • This review explores the potential implications of poor glycemic control as a contributing factor to the development of AEN.
  • The literature review focuses on understanding the relationship between metabolic derangements and esophageal necrosis.

Implications:

  • Understanding the role of glycemic control may offer new insights into AEN pathogenesis.
  • Further research into metabolic factors could potentially improve AEN management strategies and patient outcomes.